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Call date: Periodic or continuous
rights given to the lender to cause payment of the total principal balance
prior to the maturity date
CAM: Charges for maintaining
the common areas of a building. See NNN
Capital appreciation: The change in market value of a property or
portfolio adjusted for capital improvements and partial sales
Capital expenditures: Investment of cash or the creation of a
liability to acquire or improve an asset, as distinguished from cash
outflows for expense items that are considered part of normal operations
Capital gain: The amount by which the net proceeds from the sale of
a capital item exceeds the book value of the asset
Capital improvements: Expenditures that arrest deterioration of
property or add new improvements and appreciably prolong its life
Capital markets: Public and private markets where businesses or
individuals can raise or borrow capital
Carrying charges: Costs incidental to property ownership that must
be absorbed by the landlord during the initial lease-up of a building and
thereafter during periods of vacancy
Cash flow: The revenue remaining after all cash expenses are paid
Cash-on-cash yield: The relationship, expressed as a percentage,
between the net cash flow of a property and the average amount of invested
capital during an operating year
Certificate of occupancy: A document presented by a local government
agency or building department certifying that a building and/or the leased
area has been satisfactorily inspected and is in a condition suitable for
occupancy
Chapter 7: That portion of the federal bankruptcy code that deals
with business liquidations. See more on Chapter
7.
Chapter 11: That portion of the federal bankruptcy code that deals
with business reorganizations. See more on Chapter
11.
Circulation factor: Interior space required for internal office
circulation not accounted for in the net square footage
Class "A": A real estate rating generally assigned to
properties that will generate the highest rents per square foot due to their
high quality and/or superior location
Class "B": Good assets that most tenants would find
desirable but lack attributes that would permit owners to charge top dollar
Class "C": Buildings that offer few amenities but are
otherwise in physically acceptable condition and provide cost-effective
space to tenants who are not particularly image-conscious
Clear-span facility: A building, most often a warehouse or parking
garage, with vertical columns on the outside edges of the structure and a
clear span between columns
Closing: A set date and time where buyer and seller exchange funds
to transfer of property or settlement of mortgages and loans documents with
a refiance.
CMBS (commercial mortgage-backed securities): Securities backed by
loans on commercial real estate
CMO (collateralized mortgage obligation): Debt obligations that are
collateralized by and have payments linked to a pool of mortgages
Co-investment: Co-investment occurs when two or more groups share ownership of a real estate investment.
Co-investment program: An investment partnership or insurance
company separate account that enables two or more pension funds to co-invest
their capital in a single property or portfolio of properties.
Collateral: Asset(s) pledged to a lender to secure repayment of a
loan in case of default
Commingled fund: A pooled fund vehicle that enables qualified
employee benefit plans to commingle their capital for the purpose of
achieving professional management, greater diversification or investment
positions in larger properties
Common area: For lease purposes, the areas of a building and its
site that are available for the non-exclusive use of all its tenants, e.g.,
lobbies, corridors, etc. See also NNN
Common area maintenance: Rent charged to the tenant in addition to
the base rent to maintain the common areas. Examples include snow removal,
outdoor lighting, parking lot sweeping, insurance, property taxes, etc. See
also NNN
Comparables: Used to determine the fair market lease rate or asking
price, based on other properties with similar characteristics. See
Appraisals.
Concessions: Cash or cash equivalents expended by the landlord in
the form of rental abatement, additional tenant finish allowance, moving
expenses or other monies expended to influence or persuade a tenant to sign
a lease
Condemnation: The process of taking private property, without the
consent of the owner, by a governmental agency for public use through the
power of eminent domain
Conduit: An alliance between mortgage originators and an
unaffiliated organization that acts as a funding source by regularly
purchasing loans, usually with a goal of pooling and securitizing them
Construction loan: Interim financing during the developmental phase
of a property
Construction management: The act of ensuring the various stages of
the construction process are completed in a timely and seamless fashion
Consultant: Any company or individual that provides the following
services to institutional investors: definition of real estate investment
policy; adviser/manager recommendations; analysis of existing real estate
portfolios;
Consumer price index (CPI): Measures inflation in relation to the
change in the price of goods and services purchased by a specified
population during a base period of time. The CPI is commonly used to
increase the base rent periodically as a means of protecting the landlord's
rental stream against inflation or to provide a cushion for operating
expense increases for a landlord unwilling to undertake the record-keeping
necessary for operating expense escalations.
Contiguous space: Multiple suites/spaces within the same building
and on the same floor that can be combined and rented to a single tenant, or
a block of space located on multiple adjoining floors in a building
Contract documents: The complete set of design plans and
specifications for the construction of a building
Contract rent: The rental obligation, expressed in dollars, as
specified in a lease. Also known as face rent.
Convertible debt: A mortgage position that gives the lender the
option to convert to a partial or full ownership position in a property
within a specified time period
Conveyance: Most commonly refers to the transfer of title to
property between parties by deed. The term may also include most of the
instruments with which an interest in real estate is created, mortgaged or
assigned.
Core properties: The major property types - specifically office,
retail, industrial and multifamily. Core assets tend to be built within the
past five years or recently renovated. They are substantially leased (90
percent or better) with higher-credit tenants and well-structured long-term
leases with the majority fairly early in the term of the lease. Core assets
generate good, stable income that and potential appreciation.
Cost-approach improvement value: The current cost to construct a
reproduction of, or replacement for, the existing structure less an estimate
for accrued depreciation
Cost-approach land value: The estimated value of the fee simple
interest in the land as if vacant and available for development to its
highest and best use
Cost-of-sale percentage: An estimate of the costs to sell an
investment representing brokerage commissions, closing costs, fees and other
necessary disposition expenses
Coupon: The nominal interest rate charged to the borrower on a
promissory note or mortgage
Covenant: A written agreement inserted into deeds or other legal
instruments stipulating performance or non-performance of certain acts, or
use or non-use of a property and/or land
Cross-collateralization: A grouping of mortgages or properties that
serves to jointly secure one debt obligation
Cross-defaulting: Allows the trustee to call all loans in a group
into default when any single loan is in default
Cumulative discount rate: Expressed as a percentage of base rent, it
is the interest rate used in finding present values that takes into account
all landlord lease concessions.
Current occupancy: The current leased portion of a building or
property expressed as a percentage of its total area or units
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Use the
Search Box for Commercial Real Estate Terms
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Click a
letter to find Commercial Real Estate Terms
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R | S | T |
U | V | W | X |
Y | Z
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